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Selected Publications

  • Ellis T, Hill PW, Fenner N, Williams GG, Godbold D, Freeman C (2009). The interactive effects of elevated carbon dioxide and water table draw-down on carbon cycling in a Welsh ombrotrophic bog. Ecological Engineering 35(6): 978-986. ISSN: 0925-8574. [Abstract]
  • Jones TG, Freeman C, Lloyd A, Mills G (2009). Impacts of elevated atmospheric ozone on peatland below-ground DOC characteristics. Ecological Engineering 35(6): 971-977. ISSN: 0925-8574. [Abstract]
  • Toberman H, Freeman C, Evans C, Fenner N, Artz RRE (2008). Summer drought decreases soil fungal diversity and associated phenol oxidase activity in upland Calluna heathland soil. Fems Microbiology Ecology 66(2): 426-436. ISSN: 0168-6496. [Abstract]
  • Limpens J, Berendse F, Blodau C, Canadell JG, Freeman C, Holden J, Roulet N, Rydin H, Schaepman-Strub G (2008). Peatlands and the carbon cycle: from local processes to global implications - a synthesis. Biogeosciences 5(5): 1475-1491. ISSN: 1726-4170. [Abstract]
  • Kim SY, Lee SH, Freeman C, Fenner N, Kang H (2008). Comparative analysis of soil microbial communities and their responses to the short-term drought in bog, fen, and riparian wetlands. Soil Biology & Biochemistry 40(11): 2874-2880. ISSN: 0038-0717. [Abstract]
  • Bardgett RD, Freeman C, Ostle NJ (2008). Microbial contributions to climate change through carbon cycle feedbacks. Isme Journal 2(8): 805-814. ISSN: 1751-7362. [Abstract]
  • Toberman H, Freeman C, Artz RRE, Evans CD, Fenner N (2008). Impeded drainage stimulates extracellular phenol oxidase activity in riparian peat cores. Soil Use and Management 24(4): 357-365. ISSN: 0266-0032. [Abstract]
  • Toberman H, Evans CD, Freeman C, Fenner N, White M, Emmett BA, Artz RRE (2008). Summer drought effects upon soil and litter extracellular phenol oxidase activity and soluble carbon release in an upland Calluna heathland. Soil Biology & Biochemistry 40(6): 1519-1532. ISSN: 0038-0717. [Abstract]
  • Fenner N, Ostle NJ, McNamara N, Sparks T, Harmens H, Reynolds B, Freeman C (2007). Elevated CO2 effects on peatland plant community carbon dynamics and DOC production. Ecosystems 10(4): 635-647. ISSN: 1432-9840. [Abstract]
  • Kang H, Freeman C (2007). Interactions of marsh orchid (Dactylorhiza spp.) and soil microorganisms in relation to extracellular enzyme activities in a peat soil. Pedosphere 17(6): 681-687. ISSN: 1002-0160. [Abstract]
  • Bragazza L, Freeman C (2007). High nitrogen availability reduces polyphenol content in Sphagnum peat. Science of the Total Environment 377(2-3): 439-443. ISSN: 0048-9697. [Abstract]
  • Evans CD, Freeman C, Cork LG, Thomas DN, Reynolds B, Billett MF, Garnett MH, Norris D (2007). Evidence against recent climate-induced destabilisation of soil carbon from C-14 analysis of riverine dissolved organic matter. Geophysical Research Letters 34(7): ISSN: 0094-8276. [Abstract]
  • Fenner N, Freeman C, Lock MA, Harmens H, Reynolds B, Sparks T (2007). Interactions between elevated CO2 and warming could amplify DOC exports from peatland catchments. Environmental Science & Technology 41(9): 3146-3152. ISSN: 0013-936X. [Abstract]
  • Shackle V, Freeman C, Reynolds B (2006). Exogenous enzyme supplements to promote treatment efficiency in constructed wetlands. Science of the Total Environment 361(1-3): 18-24. ISSN: 0048-9697. [Abstract]
  • Fenner N, Dowrick DJ, Lock MA, Rafarel CR, Freeman C (2006). A novel approach to studying the effects of temperature on soil biogeochemistry using a thermal gradient bar. Soil Use and Management 22(3): 267-273. ISSN: 0266-0032. [Abstract]
  • Bonnett SA, Ostle N, Freeman C (2006). Seasonal variations in decomposition processes in a valley-bottom riparian peatland. Sci Total Environ 370(2-3): 561-73. ISSN: 0048-9697 (Print). [Abstract]
  • Dowrick DJ, Freeman C, Lock MA, Reynolds B (2006). Sulphate reduction and the suppression of peatland methane emissions following summer drought. Geoderma 132(3-4): 384-390. ISSN: 0016-7061. [Abstract]
  • Gusewell S, Freeman C (2005). Nutrient limitation and enzyme activities during litter decomposition of nine wetland species in relation to litter N : P ratios. Functional Ecology 19(4): 582-593. ISSN: 0269-8463. [Abstract]
  • Sowerby A, Emmett B, Beier C, Tietema A, Penuelas J, Estiarte M, Van Meeteren MJM, Hughes S, Freeman C (2005). Microbial community changes in heathland soil communities along a geographical gradient: interaction with climate change manipulations. Soil Biology & Biochemistry 37(10): 1805-1813. ISSN: 0038-0717. [Abstract]
  • Kang HJ, Freeman C, Park SS, Chun J (2005). N-Acetylglucosaminidase activities in wetlands: a global survey. Hydrobiologia 532: 103-110. ISSN: 0018-8158. [Abstract]
  • Kang HJ, Kim SY, Fenner N, Freeman C (2005). Shifts of soil enzyme activities in wetlands exposed to elevated CO2. Science of the Total Environment 337(1-3): 207-212. ISSN: 0048-9697. [Abstract]
  • Nathalie F, Freeman C, Reynolds B (2005). Hydrological effects on the diversity of phenolic degrading bacteria in a peatland: implications for carbon cycling. Soil Biology & Biochemistry 37(7): 1277-1287. ISSN: 0038-0717. [Abstract]
  • Fenner N, Freeman C, Reynolds B (2005). Observations of a seasonally shifting thermal optimum in peatland carbon-cycling processes; implications for the global carbon cycle and soil enzyme methodologies. Soil Biology & Biochemistry 37(10): 1814-1821. ISSN: 0038-0717. [Abstract]
  • Freeman C, Kim SY, Lee SH, Kang H (2004). Efflects of elevated atmospheric CO2 concentrations on soil microorganisms. Journal of Microbiology 42(4): 267-277. ISSN: 1225-8873. [Abstract]
  • Freeman C, Kim SY, Lee SH, Kang H (2004). Effects of elevated atmospheric CO2 concentrations on soil microorganisms. J Microbiol 42(4): 267-77. ISSN: 1225-8873. [Abstract]
  • Freeman C, Ostle NJ, Fenner N, Kang H (2004). A regulatory role for phenol oxidase during decomposition in peatlands. Soil Biology & Biochemistry 36(10): 1663-1667. ISSN: 0038-0717. [Abstract]
  • Freeman C, Fenner N, Ostle NJ, Kang H, Dowrick DJ, Reynolds B, Lock MA, Sleep D, Hughes S, Hudson J (2004). Export of dissolved organic carbon from peatlands under elevated carbon dioxide levels. Nature 430(6996): 195-198. ISSN: 0028-0836. [Abstract]
  • Fenner N, Ostle N, Freeman C, Sleep D, Reynolds B (2004). Peatland carbon afflux partitioning reveals that Sphagnum photosynthate contributes to the DOC pool. Plant and Soil 259(1-2): 345-354. ISSN: 0032-079X. [Abstract]
  • Freeman C, Nevison GB, Kang H, Hughes S, Reynolds B, Hudson JA (2002). Contrasted effects of simulated drought on the production and oxidation of methane in a mid-Wales wetland. Soil Biology & Biochemistry 34(1): 61-67. ISSN: 0038-0717. [Abstract]
  • Evans CD, Freeman C, Monteith DT, Reynolds B, Fenner N (2002). Climate change - Terrestrial export of organic carbon - Reply. Nature 415(6874): 862-862. ISSN: 0028-0836.
  • Kang H, Freeman C (2002). The influence of hydrochemistry on methane emissions from two contrasting northern wetlands. Water Air and Soil Pollution 141(1-4): 263-272. ISSN: 0049-6979. [Abstract]
  • Fenner N, Freeman C, Hughes S, Reynolds B (2001). Molecular weight spectra of dissolved organic carbon in a rewetted Welsh peatland and possible implications for water quality. Soil Use and Management 17(2): 106-112. ISSN: 0266-0032. [Abstract]
  • Kang HJ, Freeman C, Ashendon TW (2001). Effects of elevated CO2 on fen peat biogeochemistry. Science of the Total Environment 279(1-3): 45-50. ISSN: 0048-9697. [Abstract]
  • Freeman C, Ostle N, Kang H (2001). An enzymic 'latch' on a global carbon store - A shortage of oxygen locks up carbon in peatlands by restraining a single enzyme.. Nature 409(6817): 149-149. ISSN: 0028-0836.
  • Freeman C, Evans CD, Monteith DT, Reynolds B, Fenner N (2001). Export of organic carbon from peat soils. Nature 412(6849): 785-785. ISSN: 0028-0836.
  • Shackle VJ, Freeman C, Reynolds B (2000). Carbon supply and the regulation of enzyme activity in constructed wetlands. Soil Biology & Biochemistry 32(13): 1935-1940. ISSN: 0038-0717. [Abstract]
  • Roura-Carol M, Freeman C (1999). Methane release from peat soils: effects of Sphagnum and Juncus. Soil Biology & Biochemistry 31(2): 323-325. ISSN: 0038-0717.
  • Freeman C, Nevison GB (1999). Simultaneous analysis of multiple enzymes in environmental samples using methylumbelliferyl substrates and HPLC. Journal of Environmental Quality 28(4): 1378-1380. ISSN: 0047-2425. [Abstract]
  • Kang HJ, Freeman C (1999). Phosphatase and arylsulphatase activities in wetland soils: annual variation and controlling factors. Soil Biology & Biochemistry 31(3): 449-454. ISSN: 0038-0717. [Abstract]
  • Dowrick DJ, Hughes S, Freeman C, Lock MA, Reynolds B, Hudson JA (1999). Nitrous oxide emissions from a gully mire in mid-Wales, UK, under simulated summer drought. Biogeochemistry 44(2): 151-162. ISSN: 0168-2563. [Abstract]
  • Hughes S, Dowrick DJ, Freeman C, Hudson JA, Reynolds B (1999). Methane emissions from a gully mire in mid-Wales, UK under consecutive summer water table drawdown. Environmental Science & Technology 33(2): 362-365. ISSN: 0013-936X. [Abstract]
  • Kang H, Freeman C, Lock MA (1998). Trace gas emissions from a north Wales fen - Role of hydrochemistry and soil enzyme activity. Water Air and Soil Pollution 105(1-2): 107-116. ISSN: 0049-6979. [Abstract]
  • Freeman C, Nevison GB, Hughes S, Reynolds B, Hudson J (1998). Enzymic involvement in the biogeochemical responses of a Welsh peatland to a rainfall enhancement manipulation. Biology and Fertility of Soils 27(2): 173-178. ISSN: 0178-2762. [Abstract]
  • Kang HJ, Freeman C, Lee D, Mitsch WJ (1998). Enzyme activities in constructed wetlands: implication for water quality amelioration. Hydrobiologia 368: 231-235. ISSN: 0018-8158. [Abstract]
  • Freeman C, Baxter R, Farrar JF, Jones SE, Plum S, Ashendon TW, Stirling C (1998). Could competition between plants and microbes regulate plant nutrition and atmospheric CO2 concentrations?. Science of the Total Environment 220(2-3): 181-184. ISSN: 0048-9697. [Abstract]
  • Kang H, Freeman C (1998). Measurement of cellulase and xylosidase activities in feat using a sensitive fluorogenic compound assay. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis 29(17-18): 2769-2774. ISSN: 0010-3624. [Abstract]
  • Hughes S, Reynolds B, Brittain SA, Hudson JA, Freeman C (1998). Temporal trends in bromide release following rewetting of a naturally drained gully mire. Soil Use and Management 14(4): 248-250. ISSN: 0266-0032. [Abstract]
  • Kang HJ, Freeman C (1997). Measurement of phosphomonoesterase activity in wetland sediments - a sensitive method using HPLC and UV detection. Archiv Fur Hydrobiologie 140(3): 411-417. ISSN: 0003-9136. [Abstract]
  • Freeman C, Lock MA, Hughes S, Reynolds B, Hudson JA (1997). Nitrous oxide emissions and the use of wetlands for water quality amelioration. Environmental Science & Technology 31(8): 2438-2440. ISSN: 0013-936X. [Abstract]
  • Freeman C, Liska G, Ostle NJ, Lock MA, Hughes S, Reynolds B, Hudson J (1997). Enzymes and biogeochemical cycling in wetlands during a simulated drought. Biogeochemistry 39(2): 177-187. ISSN: 0168-2563. [Abstract]
  • Freeman C (1997). Using HPLC to eliminate quench-interference in fluorogenic- substrate assays of microbial enzyme activity. Soil Biology & Biochemistry 29(2): 203-205. ISSN: 0038-0717.
  • Freeman C, Liska G, Ostle NJ, Lock MA, Reynolds B, Hudson J (1996). Microbial activity and enzymic decomposition processes following peatland water table drawdown. Plant and Soil 180(1): 121-127. ISSN: 0032-079X. [Abstract]
  • FREEMAN C, LOCK MA (1995). THE BIOFILM POLYSACCHARIDE MATRIX - A BUFFER AGAINST CHANGING ORGANIC SUBSTRATE SUPPLY. Limnology and Oceanography 40(2): 273-278. ISSN: 0024-3590. [Abstract]
  • FREEMAN C, LISKA G, OSTLE NJ, JONES SE, LOCK MA (1995). THE USE OF FLUOROGENIC SUBSTRATES FOR MEASURING ENZYME-ACTIVITY IN PEATLANDS. Plant and Soil 175(1): 147-152. ISSN: 0032-079X. [Abstract]
  • FREEMAN C, LOCK MA (1995). ISOTOPE-DILUTION ANALYSIS AND RATES OF P-32 INCORPORATION INTO PHOSPHOLIPID AS A MEASURE OF MICROBIAL-GROWTH RATES IN BIOFILMS. Water Research 29(3): 789-792. ISSN: 0043-1354. [Abstract]
  • FREEMAN C, CHAPMAN PJ, GILMAN K, LOCK MA, REYNOLDS B, WHEATER HS (1995). ION-EXCHANGE MECHANISMS AND THE ENTRAPMENT OF NUTRIENTS BY RIVER BIOFILMS. Hydrobiologia 297(1): 61-65. ISSN: 0018-8158. [Abstract]
  • FREEMAN C, GRESSWELL R, GUASCH H, HUDSON J, LOCK MA, REYNOLDS B, SABATER F, SABATER S (1994). THE ROLE OF DROUGHT IN THE IMPACT OF CLIMATIC-CHANGE ON THE MICROBIOTA OF PEATLAND STREAMS. Freshwater Biology 32(1): 223-230. ISSN: 0046-5070. [Abstract]
  • PIND A, FREEMAN C, LOCK MA (1994). ENZYMATIC DEGRADATION OF PHENOLIC MATERIALS IN PEATLANDS - MEASUREMENT OF PHENOL OXIDASE ACTIVITY. Plant and Soil 159(2): 227-231. ISSN: 0032-079X. [Abstract]
  • FREEMAN C, HUDSON J, LOCK MA, REYNOLDS B, SWANSON C (1994). A POSSIBLE ROLE OF SULFATE IN THE SUPPRESSION OF WETLAND METHANE FLUXES FOLLOWING DROUGHT. Soil Biology & Biochemistry 26(10): 1439-1442. ISSN: 0038-0717.
  • HAWKINS JE, FREEMAN C (1994). RISING SEA LEVELS - POTENTIAL EFFECTS UPON TERRESTRIAL GREENHOUSE-GAS PRODUCTION. Soil Biology & Biochemistry 26(3): 325-329. ISSN: 0038-0717. [Abstract]
  • FREEMAN C, LOCK MA, REYNOLDS B (1993). CLIMATIC-CHANGE AND THE RELEASE OF IMMOBILIZED NUTRIENTS FROM WELSH RIPARIAN WETLAND SOILS. Ecological Engineering 2(4): 367-373. ISSN: 0925-8574. [Abstract]
  • FREEMAN C, LOCK MA (1993). [H-3] THYMIDINE INCORPORATION AS A MEASURE OF BACTERIAL-GROWTH WITHIN INTACT RIVER BIOFILMS. Science of the Total Environment 138(1-3): 161-167. ISSN: 0048-9697. [Abstract]
  • FREEMAN C, LOCK MA, MARXSEN J (1993). POLY-BETA-HYDROXY ALKANOATE AND THE SUPPORT OF RIVER BIOFILM METABOLISM FOLLOWING RADICAL CHANGES IN ENVIRONMENTAL- CONDITIONS. Hydrobiologia 271(3): 159-164. ISSN: 0018-8158. [Abstract]
  • FREEMAN C, LOCK MA, REYNOLDS B (1993). FLUXES OF CO2, CH4 AND N2O FROM A WELSH PEATLAND FOLLOWING SIMULATION OF WATER-TABLE DRAW-DOWN - POTENTIAL FEEDBACK TO CLIMATIC-CHANGE. Biogeochemistry 19(1): 51-60. ISSN: 0168-2563. [Abstract]
  • FREEMAN C, LOCK MA (1992). RECALCITRANT HIGH-MOLECULAR-WEIGHT MATERIAL, AN INHIBITOR OF MICROBIAL-METABOLISM IN RIVER BIOFILMS. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 58(6): 2030-2033. ISSN: 0099-2240. [Abstract]
  • GAMMELGAARD A, FREEMAN C, LOCK MA (1992). MEASUREMENT OF ELECTRON-TRANSPORT SYSTEM ACTIVITY IN SPHAGNUM- DERIVED PEAT. Soil Biology & Biochemistry 24(5): 505-507. ISSN: 0038-0717.
  • BLENKINSOPP SA, GABBOTT PA, FREEMAN C, LOCK MA (1991). SEASONAL TRENDS IN RIVER BIOFILM STORAGE PRODUCTS AND ELECTRON- TRANSPORT SYSTEM ACTIVITY. Freshwater Biology 26(1): 21-34. ISSN: 0046-5070. [Abstract]
  • FREEMAN C, LOCK MA, MARXSEN J, JONES SE (1990). INHIBITORY EFFECTS OF HIGH-MOLECULAR-WEIGHT DISSOLVED ORGANIC- MATTER UPON METABOLIC PROCESSES IN BIOFILMS FROM CONTRASTING RIVERS AND STREAMS. Freshwater Biology 24(1): 159-166. ISSN: 0046-5070.
  • JONES SE, DITNER SA, FREEMAN C, WHITAKER CJ, LOCK MA (1989). COMPARISON OF A NEW INORGANIC MEMBRANE-FILTER (ANOPORE) WITH A TRACK-ETCHED POLYCARBONATE MEMBRANE-FILTER (NUCLEPORE) FOR DIRECT COUNTING OF BACTERIA. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 55(2): 529-530. ISSN: 0099-2240.
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